DISCOVERING COMPUTERS - Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile devices and Internet

The Internet

The Internet

The Evolution of The Internet

• The internet originated as ARPANET in september 1969 and had two main goals:

• With wired connections, a computer or device physically attaches via a cable or wire to a communication device.
• Computers without a communications device can use a wireless modem.

• A cybercafe is a location that provides computers with internet access, usually for a fee.
• A hot spot is a wireless network that provides internet connections to mobile computers and devices.

• An Internet service provides (ISP) is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the internet free or for a fee. (Unifi, TM, Celcom)
• Bandwidth represents the amount of data that travels over a network

1. Megabyte (MB)
2. Gigabyte (GB)

•        An IP address is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

•        A domain name is a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address

•        A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address

The World Wide Web

• A browser is an application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device
• A home page is the first page that a website displays
• Desktop browsers typically support tabbed browsing

•        A webpage has a unique address called a web address or URL

•        A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access through a browser. (webmail, online auction)

–       Web app hosts usually provide storage for users’ data and information on their servers, known as cloud storage

Types of Websites

•        A search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic

•        A subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories

•        Search operators can help to refine your search

 •        There are thirteen types of Web sites

•        Web publishing is the development and maintenance of websites

Media on the Web

•        Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:

•        A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information

•        Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF

 •        An infographic is a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends

•        Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence

•        Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound

–       Compressed to reduce file size

•        You listen to audio on your computer using a media player

      •        Video consists of images displayed in motion

•        Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space

Other Internet Services

•        Email is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network

•        An email program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete email messages

•      An email list is a group of email addresses used for mass distribution of a message

•        Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service

      •        A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer or mobile device

•        A chat room is a website or application that permits users to chat with others who are online at the same time

•        A discussion forum is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject

•        VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet (viber, whatapp, skype)

•        FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet

•        Many operating systems include FTP capabilities

•        An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP

 Netiquette

•        Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior

DISCOVERING COMPUTERS - Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile devices and Internet 1

Chapter 1 - Digital Literacy

A world of Technology

•   Because technology changes, you must keep up with the changes to remain digitally literate

•   Digital literacy involves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the Internet, and related technologies

Computers

•       A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

•       Laptop

•       Tablet

•       Desktop

•       Server

Mobile and Game Devices

Data and Information

•       A keyboard contains keys you press to enter data and instructions into a computer or mobile device

•       A pointing device is an input device that allows a user to control a small symbol on the screen called a pointer

•       Some mobile devices and computers enable you to speak data instructions using voice input and to capture live full-motion images using video input

•       A scanner is a light-sensing input device that converts printed text and images into a form the computer can process

      •       An output device is any hardware component that conveys information from a computer or                mobile device to one or more people

•       A printer is an output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper

•       Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music, voice, and other sounds

–      Earbuds

–      Headphones

  

The Internet

•       The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

 •       A browser is software that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device. (chrome,firefox,ie)

•       A search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic. (google, yahoo)

•       An online social network encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users (fb, instagram, twitter)

  Digital Safety and Security

•       It is important that users protect their computers and mobile devices

•       Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

•       Strategies include:

–      Recycling

–      Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features

–      Regulating manufacturing processes

–      Extending the life of computers

–      Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

 Programs and Apps

•       Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

•       Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

•       Once installed, you can run an application so that you can interact with it

•       You interact with a program or application through its user interface

Communications and Networks

•       In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use information generated by, one or more of these communications technologies

   •       A communications device is hardware capable of transferring items from computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa

•       Examples of wireless communications technologies include:

  •       A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media

 Uses of Technology in Society

Technology Users